The arbor on a circ saw is short for a reason. Same for the small benchtop table saws. Running a dado blade on one is a bad idea. Even a "wobbler" blade I would not try if it would fit. But they DO make wobblers fit short arbor saws as a work around. TO me it falls under the "just because you can, doesn't mean you should" category.
Having said that, I would be personally curious how my big worm drive Milwaukee would do with doubled up and staggered ripping blades in this situation. But I wouldn't recommend someone else try it. If it were my deck I might entertain the idea though...... Even still, with doubled up 1/8" kerf blades, you'd only end up with a gap just under 1/4", which might still be too small to clear the debris that falls on this deck.
How long is the deck? You don't need an elaborate guide, just some straight lumber clamped on the ends should suffice. Finding a straight one might be the hardpart... You could always take your time and free hand it too. Once you get one groove done, you could reference it with a ripping guide like shown above to fit that groove. I'm assuming the front edge has a railing or something preventing you from starting with a ripping guide from there.