I am new here, but just a couple of thoughts
It is a small point, but Joules are a unit of energy. The force that is exerted on the metal is proportional to the time over which that energy is dissipated - the power. That power will be unevenly distributed across the section and length of the barrel. The most likely time for a failure of this type of gun is during its first firing. The metal becomes strain hardened with further use. This is especially important because explosion is an impulse load, and casting, unlike rolling or forging, does not introduce strain in the grain structure of the blank.
That's all without the need for unseen voids which obviously make the situation much worse. Ultra sound and x-ray equipment can detect those, but I have never seen that attempted outside of the aviation industry as it is _very_ expensive
All that being said, it is very cool and I wish I had one!